Linguistics 2012 June UGC NET Solved Question Paper III
1. Which one of the following pairs is correctly matched?
(A) An area of the brain that plays an important role in reading … Angular Gyrus
(B) The area in the lower rear portion of the left temporal lobe of the brain….. Broca’sarea
(C) The most severe form of fluent aphasia in which the patient is completely mute…. Global aphasia.
(D) A semantic change in which the meaning of a word becomes more positive or favourable…. Pejoration.
Answer: (A)
2. Diagnostic tests are designed to
(A) Prepare language teaching materials for the mentally challenged.
(B) Determine the areas in which learners may need help.
(C) Determine the achievement levels of learners
(D) Evaluate the proficiency of learners at the end of course.
Answer: (B)
3. Stuttering is
(A) Always a genetic disorder
(B) An acquired disorder
(C) A developmental disorder
(D) Neither a genetic nor an acquired disorder.
Answer: (B)
4. Match the following:
List-I List-II
(a) Difficulty in writing (i) Alexia
(b) Difficulty in reading (ii) Anomia
(c) Difficulty in recall names (iii) Echolalia
(d) Difficulty in repetition of heard words (iv) Agraphia
Code:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) (iv) (i) (ii) (iii)
(B) (i) (iv) (iii) (ii)
(C) (ii) (iii) (iv) (i)
(D) (iii) (iv) (ii) (i)
Answer: (A)
5. Form of speech used especially by mothers in talking to very young children is called
(A) Baby talk
(B) Caregiver speech
(C) Caretaker speech
(D) motherese
Answer: (D)
6. Assertion I: Internal reconstruction takes into consideration the data of a single language.
Assertion II: Internal reconstruction attempts to posit an earlier stage of the language.
(A) I is true, II is false
(B) I is false, II is true.
(C) Both I and II are false.
(D) Both I and II are true.
Answer: (D)
7. Borrowing of a linguistic item of Hindi into Punjabi is a case of
(A) Dialect Borrowing
(B) Intimate Borrowing
(C) Cultural Borrowing
(D) Calquing
Answer: (B)
8. A line on a map dividing areas whose dialects differ in some respects is called
(A) An isogloss
(B) An isophone
(C) An isomorph
(D) An isosyntagm
Answer: (A)
9. Study of Martha’s Vineyard shows that the sound change is taking place because of
(A) The pressure from above
(B) The pressure from below
(C) The residents have decided to change it
(D) The speakers did not like the variety of Martha’s Vineyard.
Answer: (B)
10. The word Skyline originally referred to the lexicon in general. Now it is used only in cases where the line of the horizon is decorated with a complex of tall buildings. It is a case of
(A) Extension of meaning
(B) Narrowing of meaning
(C) Transference of meaning
(D) Pejoration
Answer: (B)
11. When sentences are formed in such a way that the two verbal activities share the same subject and one of the activities is a temporal antecedent of the other, this construction is known as
(A) Past Participle
(B) Present Participle
(C) Conjunctive Participle
(D) Future Participle
Answer: (C)
12. ‘Brahmi’, “Kurux” and ‘Malto’ come under
(A) North Dravidian Group
(B) South Dravidian Group
(C) Central Dravidian Group
(D) None of the above
Answer: (A)
13. In 1960s Joseph Harold Greenberg became more interested in universals of language change, which he called
(A) Synchronic typology
(B) Diachronic typology
(C) Genetic typology
(D) Areal typology
Answer: (B)
14. Assertion I: In Greenberg’s universals there is repeated reference to the ordering of subject (S) object (O) and verb (V) in the precondition of the universal.
Assertion II: This striking fact led W.P. Lehmann to propose that the relative ordering of verbs and objects was in some sense basic to language structure.
(A) I is correct, but II is wrong.
(B) Both I and II are wrong.
(C) Both Assertion I and II are correct.
(D) I is wrong, but II is correct.
Answer: (C)
15. Languages where there is no clear boundary within the word are known as
(A) Isolating
(B) Fusional
(C) Polysynthetic
(D) Isolated
Answer: (B)
16. “Dhire Dhire” is an example of a morphological process by which a form is repeated. This is a case of
(A) Partial Reduplication
(B) Complete Reduplication
(C) Reduplicated compound
(D) Echo-formation
Answer: (B)
17. Complete the sentence by choosing an item which is given below. ‘In earlier works in the 1970s and 1980s, moved constituents were said to leave behind a _______ in the positions out of which they move.”
(A) pronoun
(B) Trace
(C) Shade
(D) Noun
Answer: (B)
18. In the sentence ‘I will be giving her some help on Monday and Bill on Tuesday’ the gapped element(s) will be
(A) verb
(B) Objects
(C) Object
(D) Verb and the objects
Answer: (D)
19. The complement in the sentence ‘John smokes a specific brand of Cuban cigars imported by a friend of his from Havana’ is
(A) Cuban cigars
(B) A specific brand
(C) A specific brand of Cuban cigars
(D) A specific brand of Cuban cigars imported by a friend of his from Havana
Answer: (D)
20. Assertion I: When the subject of an infinitive clause is null, it is called a PRO.
Assertion II: A PRO is the subject of a non-finite sentence without any phonetic realization.
(A) Both I and II are true.
(B) Only I is true.
(C) Only II is true.
(D) Both I and II are false.
Answer: (A)
21. The goal of cognitive science is to understand the structure and functioning of the human mind, and to this it uses a variety of approaches, from philosophical view point the study is called
(A) Cognitive approach
(B) Language acquisition
(C) Modularity
(D) Mentalism
Answer: (B)
22. The identification of structural differences between languages, seen as points of potential learning difficulty is called
(A) Cognitive analysis
(B) Contrastive analysis
(C) Comparative analysis
(D) Descriptive analysis
Answer: (B)
23. Assertion I: Missing Surface Inflectional hypothesis states that second language learners who produce errors actually have correct underlying representations for the structure in which they have made errors but have difficulty mapping these underlying representations to their surface forms.
Assertion II: Missing surface inflection hypothesis states that second language learners who produce errors are due to blind spots found in second language.
(A) Both I and II are right.
(B) Both I and II are wrong.
(C) I is right and II is wrong.
(D) I is wrong and II is right.
Answer: (C)
24. Match the following:
List-I List-II
(a) Minimum level of reading and writing (i) Literate
(b) Ability to read and write (ii) Illiterate
(c) Lack of reading and writing (iii) Functional literacy
(d) Lack of recognized writing (iv) Educate
Code:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) (iii) (iv) (ii) (i)
(B) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
(C) (ii) (i) (iv) (iii)
(D) (ii) (iii) (iv) (i)
Answer: (A)
25. Assertion I: Advertisements also use sound patterning to make the slogan memorable and this is simply in extension of the way poetry uses sound patterning to particular effect.
Assertion II: Whether in print or on the broadcast media, there will be sound patterning which do not help the hearer/reader to remember the advertisement.
(A) Both I and II are true.
(B) Both I and II are false.
(C) I is true, but II is false
(D) I is false, but II is true.
Answer: (C)
26. Match the items in List – I with those in List – II and choose the correct code:
List-I List-II
(a) Phoneme (i) Acoustic phonetics
(b) Sonority (ii) Structural phonology
(c) Wave length (iii) Generative phonology
(d) High-pitch (iv) Tonology
Code:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
(B) (ii) (iii) (i) (iv)
(C) (iii) (ii) (i) (iv)
(D) (iv) (i) (ii) (iii)
Answer: (B)
27. Hypothesis (H): If a word in its underlying representation contains some morpheme M, then at least one segment of M must be present in the Result surface representation.
Conclusion:
(A) H explains ‘wife > wives’ realization
(B) H explains ‘steal > stole’ realization
(C) H explains ‘bus > buses’ realization
(D) H explains ‘keep > kept’ realization
Answer: (C)
28. The following examples contain Stratum – 1 (S1) and Stratum – 2 (S2) affixes,
(S1) (S2)
lamb-a-yi
uunc-a-yi
kah-a-ni-yaN
Choose the characteristics of Stratum – 1 affixes from the following codes:
Codes:
(A) It is neutral to the phonological environment.
(B) It is non-neutral to the phonological environment.
(C) It is phonologically conditioned.
(D) It is historically conditioned.
Answer: (A)
29. Assertion I: In lexical morphology all irregular inflexions / derivations take place at Stratum – 1
Assertion II: All regular derivation, inflexion and compounding takes place at Stratum – 2
Codes:
(A) Both I and II are true.
(B) Both I and II are false.
(C) I is true, II is false
(D) I is false, II is true.
Answer: (C)
30. A boundary or transition point in a phonological sequence is commonly known as
(A) Lexicalisation
(B) Juncture
(C) Morphological lengthening
(D) Word boundary
Answer: (B)
31. In Acoustic Phonetics the highest level of loudness at which vocal cords vibrate while articulating a voiced segment, especially a vowel is known as:
(A) Resonance
(B) Wave-length
(C) Amplitude
(D) Frequency
Answer: (C)
32. The basic frequency at which a sound vibrates is known as
(A) Frequency
(B) Sound wave
(C) Fundamental frequency
(D) Wavelength
Answer: (C)
33. Who among the following is the author of the research paper “The Pronouns of Power and Solidarity”?
(A) Brown R and M Ford
(B) Brown P and S Levison
(C) Brown G and G Yule
(D) Brown R and A Gilman
Answer: (D)
34. Assertion I: Variable rule analysis is the method of analyzing sociolinguistic data in which statistical procedures allow a variety of social and linguistic factors to be considered simultaneously.
Assertion II: Variable rule analysis is the method of analyzing linguistic data that allow inferring the socio-linguistic mechanism of linguistic change.
(A) Both I and II are right.
(B) Both I and II are wrong.
(C) I is right and II is wrong.
(D) I is wrong and II is right.
Answer: (A)
35. Assertion I: Basilect shows the greatest difference from the source language.
Assertion II: Mesolect and acrolect are intermediate and highest part of the creole continuum respectively.
(A) I is true and II is false
(B) I is false and II is true.
(C) Both I and II are false.
(D) Both I and II are true.
Answer: (D)
36. Match the items in the List – I with those of List – II with the following codes:
List-I List-II
(a) Ethnography of speaking (i) Roger Brown and Albert Gilman
(b) Pronouns of power and solidarity (ii) Dell Hymes
(c) Sociology of language (iii) Joshua Fishman
(d) Verbal Deficity Hypothesis (iv) Basil Bornslein
Code:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
(B) (ii) (i) (iii) (iv)
(C) (iii) (iv) (ii) (i)
(D) (iv) (i) (ii) (iii)
Answer: (B)
37. Language Planning involves
(A) Graphization, Grammatication, Lexication
(B) Making the language transparent
(C) Use of the language for radio broadcast
(D) Implementing the language in literature
Answer: (A)
38. Assertion I: Pronoun replacement, repetition, variation and ellipsis are all cohesive devices.
Assertion II: They work by repeated reference to something within the text.
(A) Both I and II are true.
(B) Both I and II are false.
(C) I is true but II is false.
(D) I is false but II is true.
Answer: (A)
39. Assertion I: Translation studies are usually seen as a discipline that explores the nature of cross language communication.
Assertion II: It draws on and contributes to a wide range of fields such as semantics, pragmatics, discourse analysis, psycholinguistics, and communication science
(A) Both I and II are true.
(B) Both I and II are false.
(C) I is true but II is false
(D) I is false but II is true.
Answer: (A)
40. The use of controlled ‘defining vocabulary’ and a preference for user-friendly style with “full sentence defining” is found in
(A) Bilingual Dictionary
(B) Monolingual Learner’s Dictionary (MLD)
(C) Historical Dictionary
(D) Etymological Dictionary
Answer: (B)
41. Assertion I: Modern lexicography considers dictionaries to be tools that are or should be conceived to assist a specific group of users in solving problems related to specific type of extra lexicographic user situation.
Assertion II: Any theory based dictionary concept should therefore be based on a profound knowledge of the user’s characteristics, the situation of use and the specific type of problems that might arise.
(A) Both I and II are correct.
(B) Both I and II are wrong.
(C) I is correct but II is wrong.
(D) I is wrong but II is correct.
Answer: (A)
42. Match the following:
List-I List-II
(a) Source oriented translation (i) Keeping the target readership uppermost in mind.
(b) Foreignizing (ii) Reproducing the original’s stylistic individualities
(c) Idiosyncratic translation (iii) deliberately retaining source language features
(d) Target oriented translation (iv) Staying faithful to the author’s intention
Codes:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) (iv) (iii) (ii) (i)
(B) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
(C) (ii) (i) (iii) (iv)
(D) (iii) (ii) (iv) (i)
Answer: (A)
43. Morphologists divide morphemes into a specific number of types, namely
(A) Root, stem, prefix, suffix
(B) Affix, infix, circumfix, allomorph
(C) Dhatu, ruup, kriya, naama
(D) Free, bound, zero portmanteau
Answer: (D)
44. Assertion I: Derivational Morphemes increase the vocabulary of a language.
Assertion II: Derivational Morphemes are usually added to closed classes of words.
(A) I is true, II is false
(B) I is false, II is true.
(C) Both I and II are true.
(D) Both I and II are false.
Answer: (A)
45. In English ‘doesn’t’ is an example of
(A) Clitic
(B) Proclitic
(C) Special clitic
(D) Complex clitic
Answer: (A)
46. In English “Black Board” denotes a
(A) Endo-centric Compound
(B) Copulative Compound
(C) Exo-centric compound
(D) A simple Idiom
Answer: (A)
47. English is a
(A) Null-subject language
(B) Non-null-subject language
(C) Head-last language
(D) Headless language
Answer: (B)
48. The statement ‘all nominal and pronominal expressions areD-expressions’ is related to
(A) TP analysis
(B) DP hypothesis
(C) Earliness principle
(D) Strict cyclicity principle
Answer: (B)
49. The statements: (i) Interpretable features enter the derivation already valued and (ii) Features which enter the derivation unvalued are uninterpretable’ are related to
(A) Feature Deletion
(B) Feature visibility condition
(C) Feature value correlation
(D) Copy deletion
Answer: (C)
50. The statement ‘A head which attracts a constituent containing a feature (F) attracts movement of the smallest accessible constituent containing (F) which will lead to a convergent derivation’ is related to
(A) Null-operator analysis
(B) Convergence principle
(C) Attract closest principle
(D) Functional Head constraint
Answer: (B)
51. Assertion I: The assumption that movement is a composite operation involving two sub operations of copying and deletion is the cornerstone of Chomsky’s copy theory of movement’.
Assertion II: If we consider the copying component of movement more carefully, we see that it involves a form of ‘merger’ operation by which a copy of a constituent which has already been merged in one position is subsequently merged in another position.
(A) Only I is true.
(B) Only II is true.
(C) Both I and II are true.
(D) Both I and II are false.
Answer: (C)
52. Assertion I: Machine Readable Dictionaries (MRD) evolved from keyboarding a dictionary onto punch cards.
Assertion II: The ground breaking work of Evens (Evens and Smith 1978) provided the impetus for a considerable expansion of research on MRDs.
(A) Both I and II are true.
(B) Both I and II are false.
(C) I is true but II is false.
(D) I is false but II is true.
Answer: (A)
53. In considering the NLP applications of word-sense disambiguation, information extraction, question answering and summarization, there is a clear need for increasing amount of
(A) Computational information
(B) Grammatical information
(C) Semantic information
(D) Sociolinguistics information
Answer: (C)
54. Assertion I: The loss of ability to produce speech with a normal intonation is known as dysprosody.
Assertion II: A use of language that emphasises pleasantness is named as dysphemism.
(A) Both I and II are true.
(B) Both I and II are false.
(C) I is true, but II is false.
(D) I is false, but II is true.
Answer: (A)
55. Match the following:
List-I List-II
(a) Disorder of Articulation (i) Dyslexia
(b) Motor speech disorder (ii) Dyslalia
(c) Loss to produce normal rhythm (iii) Dysthymia
(d) Disability in reading (iv) Dysrhythmia
Code:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) (ii) (iii) (iv) (i)
(B) (i) (iv) (ii) (iii)
(C) (iii) (ii) (i) (iv)
(D) (iv) (i) (iii) (ii)
Answer: (A)
56. A disorder of speech ‘fluency’ marked by hesitancy, blocks, sound repetitions is called
(A) Stuttering
(B) Stammering
(C) Cleft palate
(D) Mutism
Answer: (A)
57. “Viterbi” is a term that refers to
(A) Context-sensitive grammar
(B) A Programming Algorithm
(C) Context-free Grammar
(D) Parameter weight
Answer: (B)
58. Assertion I: If one can efficiently calculate the prefix probability, then calculating probabilities is straight forward.
Assertion II: A shift-reduce parser provides the means to calculating conditional probabilities in the ‘Structured Language Mode’.
(A) I & II are true.
(B) I & II are false.
(C) I is true, II is false.
(D) I is false, II is true
Answer: (A)
59. A collection of language data brought together for linguistic analysis through computer is known as
(A) Corpus
(B) MRD
(C) Chunking
(D) Parsing
Answer: (A)
60. Match the items in List - I with List - II.
List-I List-II
(a) Generate (i) Auto segmental Phonology
(b) Nasal spread (ii) Lexical phonology
(c) Foot (iii) Optimality phonology
(d) Strata (iv) Prosodic Phonology
Code:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) (iii) (i) (iv) (ii)
(B) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
(C) (ii) (iv) (i) (ii)
(D) (iv) (ii) (iii) (i)
Answer: (A)
61. Assertion I: Prosodic word cannot exceed two feet in any natural language.
Assertion II: A foot consists of two moras/syllables
Codes:
(A) I and II are true.
(B) I and II are false.
(C) I is false, II is true.
(D) I is true, II is false.
Answer: (C)
Answer: (A)
63. Grammatical difficulties which have been noticed in aphasia are given in the list. Identify which one item related to paragrammatism and agrammatism.
(A) Loss of coordinating and subordinating syntactic.
(B) Loss of speech melody as an indicator of segmentation.
(C) Loss of comprehension of grammatical words and inflections.
(D) Use of incomplete sentences or the mixing of grammatically incompatible sequences.
Answer: (C)
64. Match the following:
List-I List-II
(a) Contiguity (i) Decoding
(b) Combination (ii) Sequence
(c) Encoding (iii) Selection
(d) Concurrence (iv) Similarity
Code:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) (iv) (iii) (i) (ii)
(B) (i) (iv) (ii) (iii)
(C) (iii) (ii) (i) (iv)
(D) (ii) (i) (iv) (iii)
Answer: (A)
65. Match the items in List – I with those in List – II and select the correct answer from the codes given below:
List-I List-II
(a) John Lyons (i) Semantic Theory
(b) Katz, J.J. (ii) Semantics: A New outline
(c) Palmer, F.R. (iii) Structural Semantics
(d) Nida, E (iv) Exploring Semantic Structures
Code:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
(B) (iv) (i) (ii) (iii)
(C) (iii) (i) (ii) (iv)
(D) (i) (iii) (ii) (iv)
Answer: (C)
66. Assertion I: Sense relations are relations between word meanings.
Assertion II: Every word has a semantic relation of some kind with every other word, but not all such relations have any intrinsic interest.
(A) Only I is true.
(B) Only II is true.
(C) Both I and II are false.
(D) Both I and II are true.
Answer: (D)
67. In the sentence ‘That man is my brother’, where the phrase that man is used as
(A) Referring expression
(B) Indexical expression
(C) Predicative expression
(D) Fixed expression
Answer: (A)
68. The sentence ‘I understand Hindi’
(A) Will have the value ‘true’ if the speaker understands Hindi
(B) Will have the value ‘true’ if the speaker does not understand Hindi
(C) Will have the value ‘false’ if the speaker understands Hindi.
(D) Will not have the value ‘false’ if the speaker understands Hindi.
Answer: (A)
69. Assertion I: Many languages have very rich aspectual markings modifying the meaning of the base verb in very subtle ways.
Assertion II: It is very common for a given inflectional morpheme to signal a complex mixture of tense, aspect, mood and polarity.
(A) Only I is correct.
(B) Only II is correct.
(C) Both I and II are correct.
(D) Both I and II are wrong.
Answer: (C)
70. Ethnography of speaking owes its origin to the observations on the American Indians made by
(A) J.B. White
(B) Muriel Saville-Troike
(C) Dell Hymes
(D) Hans Kroeber
Answer: (A)
71. Verbal repertoire consists of
(A) The idiosyncratic speech
(B) The languages that two speakers understand
(C) Totality of language varieties available to the speakers
(D) Dialect of the language in the region
Answer: (C)
72. Match appropriately the concepts given in List – I to the inferences given in List – II.
List-I List-II
(a) Heritage language programme (i) Education programme for language minority students in which both minority and majority languages are used
(b) Duallanguage, programme (ii) Education programme for language minority students in which minority and majority language is used but literacy in minority language is not a goal.
(c) Transitional bilingual education (iii) Education programme that provides instructions both in minority languages and majority languages
(d) Developmental bilingual education (iv) Education programme designed to revive ancestral language
Code:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) (iv) (iii) (ii) (i)
(B) (i) (iv) (iii) (ii)
(C) (iii) (i) (iv) (ii)
(D) (ii) (i) (iv) (iii)
Answer: (A)
73. Match appropriately the concepts given in List – I to their respective inferences given in List – II.
List-I List-II
(i) Hyper correction (a) A linguistic variable that shows variation according to stylistic variation
(ii) Prestige (b) Indicates the positive evaluation of linguistic forms
(iii) Marker (c) The overgeneralization of language forms which carry social prestige.
(iv) Indicator (d) Linguistic variables of which speakers are not consciously aware
Code:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
(B) (iv) (ii) (iii) (i)
(C) (ii) (i) (iii) (iv)
(D) (iii) (i) (ii) (iv)
Answer: (D)
74. The type of discourse analysis that focusses on the structural relationship between utterances and conversation is known as
(A) Ethno linguistic vitality
(B) Ethnomethodology
(C) Sociolinguistic methodology
(D) Verbal behaviour
Answer: (B)
75. The sentence The boys all are playing football is an example of ________
(A) Quantifier floating
(B) Quantifier rising
(C) Raising
(D) Verb rising
Answer: (A)
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